Spanish grammar

Present Tense: Regular -AR Verbs (Spanish)

Cover: regular Spanish -AR verbs with the present forms hablo, hablas, habla, hablamos, habláis, hablan
Short answer

Regular -AR verbs are the biggest, easiest group in Spanish. Drop the -ar and add the present endings -o, -as, -a, -amos, -áis, -an, so hablar (to speak) becomes hablo, hablas, habla, hablamos, habláis, hablan.

Level: A1. Most Spanish verbs end in -ar — hablar, trabajar, estudiar — and in the present they all follow one simple pattern. Learn it once and you can use hundreds of verbs straight away.

The rule

A verb’s infinitive is its dictionary form: hablar (to speak), trabajar (to work). To make the present tense of a regular -AR verb, remove the -ar to get the stem (habl-), then add the ending that matches the subject.

The six present endings are -o, -as, -a, -amos, -áis, -an:

  • yo (I) → -o: hablo
  • tú (you, informal) → -as: hablas
  • él / ella / usted (he / she / you formal) → -a: habla
  • nosotros / nosotras (we) → -amos: hablamos
  • vosotros / vosotras (you all, Spain) → -áis: habláis
  • ellos / ellas / ustedes (they / you all) → -an: hablan

The same present covers three English meanings: hablo español is “I speak Spanish”, “I am speaking Spanish” and “I do speak Spanish”. Spanish does not add a separate helper verb for these.

Present tense of hablar (to speak)

Person Form Example
yo hablo Hablo español. (I speak Spanish.)
tú hablas Hablas muy rápido. (You speak very fast.)
él / ella / usted habla Ella habla inglés. (She speaks English.)
nosotros / nosotras hablamos Hablamos en clase. (We talk in class.)
vosotros / vosotras habláis Habláis mucho. (You all talk a lot.)
ellos / ellas / ustedes hablan Ellos hablan francés. (They speak French.)

Every regular -AR verb takes exactly these endings: estudiar → estudio, estudias, estudia, estudiamos, estudiáis, estudian.

How to say it

Spanish spelling is regular; mind these few sounds in -AR verbs:

Word How to say it
hablo the h is silent: “AH-blo”.
trabajas the j is a throaty h: “tra-BA-has”.
estudia the -dia is two quick vowels: “es-TOO-dya”.
habláis the á is stressed, -áis is one glide: “a-BLA-ees”.
compran the single r is a light tap, not the English r.

Example sentences

Each sentence was written for this lesson.

  1. Hablo español.
    I speak Spanish.
    yo form
  2. ¿Hablas inglés?
    Do you speak English?
  3. Ella trabaja en un banco.
    She works in a bank.
  4. Estudiamos en la biblioteca.
    We study in the library.
    nosotros -amos
  5. Los niños cantan una canción.
    The children sing a song.
  6. Yo escucho música por la noche.
    I listen to music at night.
  7. ¿Tú cocinas los fines de semana?
    Do you cook at the weekends?
  8. Compramos pan cada mañana.
    We buy bread every morning.
  9. Vosotros habláis muy rápido.
    You all talk very fast.
    vosotros -áis
  10. Ellos viajan a España en verano.
    They travel to Spain in summer.
  11. Usted necesita un boleto.
    You (formal) need a ticket.
  12. Camino al trabajo todos los días.
    I walk to work every day.
  13. Mi hermana baila muy bien.
    My sister dances very well.
  14. Nosotros estudiamos japonés.
    We study Japanese.
  15. ¿Qué miras en la televisión?
    What are you watching on television?
  16. El tren llega a las ocho.
    The train arrives at eight.
  17. Ayudo a mi madre en casa.
    I help my mother at home.
  18. Ellas compran verduras en el mercado.
    They buy vegetables at the market.
  19. ¿Usted trabaja aquí?
    Do you (formal) work here?
  20. Tomamos café todas las tardes.
    We drink coffee every afternoon.

Common mistakes

  • ❌ Yo hablar español. → ✅ Yo hablo español. Never leave the infinitive -ar after a subject; conjugate it to hablo.
  • ❌ Tú hablo inglés. → ✅ Tú hablas inglés. Match the ending to the subject: tú takes -as, not -o.
  • ❌ Nosotros hablemos en clase. → ✅ Nosotros hablamos en clase. The nosotros present ending is -amos, not -emos (that would be the subjunctive).
  • ❌ Vosotros hablais mucho. → ✅ Vosotros habláis mucho. The vosotros form carries a written accent: habláis.
  • ❌ Yo estoy hablar. for “I speak” → ✅ Yo hablo. Spanish does not use “to be + infinitive”; the single present form already means “I speak / I am speaking”.

A short conversation

— ¿Dónde trabajas? (Where do you work?) — Trabajo en una escuela y enseño español. (I work in a school and teach Spanish.) — ¿Y tus hermanos? (And your siblings?) — Ellos estudian en la universidad. (They study at university.)

Every verb here is a regular -AR verb with the matching ending — trabajo, trabajas, estudian.

Usage notes

  • The pronoun is usually dropped. Because the ending shows the subject, hablo already means “I speak”; add yo only for emphasis or contrast.
  • es and son belong to other verbs. Mixing in a form of ser or estar is common at first — remember that hablar, trabajar and friends take the -o/-as/-a/-amos/-áis/-an endings, not soy/eres/es.
  • The present can point to the near future. With a time marker, the present works for plans: mañana trabajo (I work tomorrow), el lunes viajo a Madrid (I travel to Madrid on Monday).
  • Spelling-change -AR verbs exist. A few keep the sound by changing spelling before -e endings (buscar → busqué in the past, pagar → pagué), but in the present they are perfectly regular: busco, buscas, busca.

Compared with…

  • -ER verbs (comer, to eat) use -o, -es, -e, -emos, -éis, -en: como, comes, come, comemos, coméis, comen. The yo form matches -AR (-o), but the other vowels change to e.
  • -IR verbs (vivir, to live) use -o, -es, -e, -imos, -ís, -en: vivo, vives, vive, vivimos, vivís, viven. They differ from -ER only in the nosotros and vosotros forms. Build your foundation with the subject pronouns, and see how the irregular verb ser and estar in the present behave differently from these regular patterns.

Recap card for Spanish regular -AR present-tense endings with a friendly study buddy

Quick recap before the quiz.

Practice

Practice

Regular -AR present practice

Try each one, then press Check. No sign-up, nothing is sent anywhere — it all runs in your browser.

1 Which is the yo form of hablar?
Show answer

hablo — Drop -ar and add -o: hablo.

Hint: estudiar, nosotros form

Show answer

estudiamos — The nosotros ending for -AR verbs is -amos: estudiamos.

3 Build: 'They travel to Spain.'

Show answer

ellos viajan a España — Ellos viajan a España — viajar takes -an for ellos.

4 Match each subject with its -AR ending.

  • yo
  • tú
  • nosotros
  • ellos / ellas
Show answer
  • yo → -o
  • tú → -as
  • nosotros → -amos
  • ellos / ellas → -an

The present -AR endings are -o, -as, -a, -amos, -áis, -an.

5 Choose the correct 'You (tú) work here.'
Show answer

Tú trabajas aquí — tú takes -as: trabajas.

Hint: the vosotros form of hablar

Show answer

habláis — The vosotros -AR form carries an accent: habláis.

Quiz

Check yourself

Regular -AR present quiz

12 questions · pick an answer and you'll see straight away if it's right.

0/12 0 answered
  1. 1How do you form the present of a regular -AR verb?
    Show answer

    Drop -ar and add -o/-as/-a/-amos/-áis/-an — Drop -ar to get the stem, then add the matching ending.

  2. 2Which is the yo form of trabajar?
    Show answer

    trabajo — yo takes -o: trabajo.

  3. 3'You (tú) speak very fast' is…
    Show answer

    Tú hablas muy rápido — tú takes -as: hablas.

  4. 4The nosotros ending for -AR verbs is…
    Show answer

    -amos — It is -amos: hablamos, estudiamos.

  5. 5Which vosotros form is spelled correctly?
    Show answer

    habláis — The accent falls on the a: habláis.

  6. 6'She works in a bank' is…
    Show answer

    Ella trabaja en un banco — él/ella/usted takes -a: trabaja.

  7. 7What does 'Hablo español' mean?
    Show answer

    I speak / I am speaking / I do speak Spanish — One Spanish present covers all three English present ideas.

  8. 8Which sentence is wrong?
    Show answer

    Yo hablar inglés — Never keep the infinitive after a subject: it should be yo hablo inglés.

  9. Show answer

    cantan — ellos takes -an: cantan.

  10. 10Why can Spanish drop the subject pronoun in 'hablo'?
    Show answer

    The ending already shows the subject — The -o ending shows 'I', so yo is optional.

  11. 11Which ending does an -ER verb like comer use for yo?
    Show answer

    -o, same as -AR — The yo form is -o for -AR, -ER and -IR alike: hablo, como, vivo.

  12. 12'We drink coffee' (tomar) is…
    Show answer

    Nosotros tomamos café — nosotros takes -amos: tomamos.

Recap cheat-sheet

Person Ending hablar
yo / tú -o / -as hablo / hablas
él-ella-usted -a habla
nosotros -amos hablamos
vosotros / ellos -áis / -an habláis / hablan

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A1 31 topics · 12 ready
  1. 01 Noun Gender in Spanish (Masculine & Feminine)
  2. 02 Forming Plurals in Spanish
  3. 03 Definite Articles: el, la, los, las
  4. 04 Indefinite Articles: un, una, unos, unas
  5. 05 Subject Pronouns (yo, tú, él, nosotros)
  6. 06 The Verb Ser (Permanent 'To Be')
  7. 07 The Verb Estar (States & Location)
  8. 08 Ser vs Estar: When to Use Each
  9. 09 Hay: There Is / There Are
  10. 10 Present Tense: Regular -AR Verbs You are here
  11. 11 Present Tense: Regular -ER Verbs
  12. 12 Present Tense: Regular -IR Verbs
  13. 13 The Verb Tener (To Have) and Expressions Coming soon
  14. 14 The Verb Ir (To Go) and Ir A + Infinitive Coming soon
  15. 15 Gustar: Expressing Likes Coming soon
  16. 16 Adjective Agreement (Gender & Number) Coming soon
  17. 17 Position of Adjectives in Spanish Coming soon
  18. 18 Possessive Adjectives (mi, tu, su, nuestro) Coming soon
  19. 19 Demonstratives: este, ese, aquel Coming soon
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  22. 22 Contractions: al (a + el) and del (de + el) Coming soon
  23. 23 Muy vs Mucho Coming soon
  24. 24 Stem-Changing Verbs e→ie (querer, pensar) Coming soon
  25. 25 Stem-Changing Verbs o→ue (poder, dormir) Coming soon
  26. 26 Reflexive Verbs (levantarse, ducharse) Coming soon
  27. 27 Present Progressive (estar + gerundio) Coming soon
  28. 28 Tener Que + Infinitive (Obligation) Coming soon
  29. 29 The Personal A (direct object people) Coming soon
  30. 30 Prepositions a, en, de (Core Uses) Coming soon
  31. 31 Weather Expressions with Hacer Coming soon
A2 25 topics
  1. 32 Preterite Tense: Regular Verbs Coming soon
  2. 33 Preterite: Irregular Verbs (ser, ir, tener) Coming soon
  3. 34 Imperfect Tense (Ongoing & Habitual Past) Coming soon
  4. 35 Preterite vs Imperfect: Which Past Tense? Coming soon
  5. 36 Near Future: Ir A + Infinitive Coming soon
  6. 37 Direct Object Pronouns (lo, la, los, las) Coming soon
  7. 38 Indirect Object Pronouns (me, te, le, nos) Coming soon
  8. 39 Double Object Pronouns (se lo, me lo) Coming soon
  9. 40 Comparatives (más que, menos que) Coming soon
  10. 41 Superlatives (el más, -ísimo) Coming soon
  11. 42 Stressed Possessives (el mío, la tuya) Coming soon
  12. 43 Saber vs Conocer (Two Ways to 'Know') Coming soon
  13. 44 Por vs Para: The Basics Coming soon
  14. 45 Verbs Like Gustar (encantar, molestar, doler) Coming soon
  15. 46 Informal Commands (tú affirmative) Coming soon
  16. 47 Hace / Desde Hace for Time Expressions Coming soon
  17. 48 Acabar De + Infinitive (Just Did) Coming soon
  18. 49 Stem-Changing Verbs e→i (pedir, servir) Coming soon
  19. 50 Hay Que + Infinitive (Impersonal Obligation) Coming soon
  20. 51 Deber and Deber De (Obligation & Probability) Coming soon
  21. 52 Prepositional Pronouns (mí, ti, conmigo) Coming soon
  22. 53 Pero vs Sino (But) Coming soon
  23. 54 También and Tampoco (Also / Neither) Coming soon
  24. 55 Indefinite Pronouns (alguien, algo, cualquiera) Coming soon
  25. 56 Apocopation (buen, gran, primer, san) Coming soon
B1 25 topics
  1. 57 Simple Future Tense (hablaré) Coming soon
  2. 58 Conditional Tense (hablaría) Coming soon
  3. 59 Present Subjunctive: Formation Coming soon
  4. 60 Subjunctive for Wishes & Emotions (querer que) Coming soon
  5. 61 Subjunctive After Impersonal Expressions Coming soon
  6. 62 Formal & Negative Commands (usted, no hagas) Coming soon
  7. 63 Present Perfect (he hablado) Coming soon
  8. 64 Past Participles (Regular & Irregular) Coming soon
  9. 65 Pluperfect (había hablado) Coming soon
  10. 66 Por vs Para: Advanced Uses Coming soon
  11. 67 Relative Pronouns (que, quien, el que) Coming soon
  12. 68 Passive Se and Impersonal Se Coming soon
  13. 69 Comparisons of Equality (tan, tanto como) Coming soon
  14. 70 Pronoun Placement with Infinitives & Gerunds Coming soon
  15. 71 Si Clauses Type 1 (Real Conditions) Coming soon
  16. 72 Uses of the Gerund (-ando / -iendo) Coming soon
  17. 73 Lo + Adjective and Lo Que (Neuter Lo) Coming soon
  18. 74 Adverbs Ending in -mente Coming soon
  19. 75 Subjunctive After cuando & Time Conjunctions Coming soon
  20. 76 Verbs of Becoming (ponerse, volverse, hacerse) Coming soon
  21. 77 Quedar and Quedarse (Multiple Meanings) Coming soon
  22. 78 Al + Infinitive and Infinitive as Noun Coming soon
  23. 79 Antes de / Después de + Infinitive Coming soon
  24. 80 Más de / Menos de with Numbers Coming soon
  25. 81 Porque, Por Qué, Porqué, Por Que Coming soon
B2 18 topics
  1. 82 Imperfect Subjunctive (hablara / hablase) Coming soon
  2. 83 Si Clauses Type 2 (Unreal Present) Coming soon
  3. 84 Subjunctive in Adjective Clauses Coming soon
  4. 85 Subjunctive After Conjunctions (para que, aunque) Coming soon
  5. 86 Present Perfect Subjunctive (haya hablado) Coming soon
  6. 87 Future Perfect (habré hablado) Coming soon
  7. 88 Conditional Perfect (habría hablado) Coming soon
  8. 89 Passive Voice with Ser (ser + participle) Coming soon
  9. 90 Reported Speech (estilo indirecto) Coming soon
  10. 91 Advanced Relatives (cuyo, el cual, donde) Coming soon
  11. 92 Verbal Periphrases (seguir/llevar + gerundio) Coming soon
  12. 93 Indicative vs Subjunctive in Noun Clauses Coming soon
  13. 94 Aunque: Indicative vs Subjunctive Coming soon
  14. 95 Ojalá, Quizás, Tal Vez + Subjunctive Coming soon
  15. 96 Diminutives and Augmentatives (-ito, -ón) Coming soon
  16. 97 Future & Conditional of Probability (Conjecture) Coming soon
  17. 98 Relative Superlative & de + Group Coming soon
  18. 99 Adjectives That Change Meaning with Ser/Estar Coming soon
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  1. 100 Pluperfect Subjunctive (hubiera hablado) Coming soon
  2. 101 Si Clauses Type 3 & Mixed (Unreal Past) Coming soon
  3. 102 Sequence of Tenses (correlación de tiempos) Coming soon
  4. 103 All Uses of Se (reflexive, passive, impersonal, accidental) Coming soon
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  6. 105 Discourse Connectors (sin embargo, por lo tanto) Coming soon
  7. 106 Subjunctive Nuance (perception, comunicación verbs) Coming soon
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