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Korean grammar

도 (do): Also / Too

Updated 31 Oct 2026 4 min read LingoLadder Editorial Team
Cover illustration for the Korean do-particle lesson: two matching cups and a small plus sign.
Short answer

도 (do) means 'also, too'. It attaches to a noun and replaces the subject/object markers 은/는 (eun/neun), 이/가 (i/ga) and 을/를 (eul/reul): 저도 학생이에요 (jeodo haksaeng-ieyo) means 'I am a student too'. On 에 (e), 에서 (eseo) and 에게 (ege) it stacks instead: 학교에도 (hakgyoedo).

On this page10 sections · tap to jump
  1. 01The rule
  2. 02When 도 (do) replaces vs stacks
  3. 03Example sentences
  4. 04Common mistakes
  5. 05A short conversation
  6. 06Usage notes
  7. 07Compared with…
  8. 08Practice
  9. 09Quiz
  10. 10Recap cheat-sheet

Level: TOPIK 1. 도 (do) is the Korean particle for “also, too”. It attaches directly to a noun — 저도 (jeodo), “me too” — and the one rule that trips up beginners is whether it replaces the particle already there or stacks on top of it.

The rule

A particle marks the role of the noun before it. 도 (do) adds the meaning “also / too / as well”: the noun joins something already mentioned.

The key structural fact: 도 (do) replaces the quiet role markers — the topic 은/는 (eun/neun), the subject 이/가 (i/ga) and the object 을/를 (eul/reul). You delete the old marker and put 도 (do) in its place:

  • Subject: 민수가 왔어요 (Minsu-ga wasseoyo) → 민수도 왔어요 (Minsu-do wasseoyo), “Minsu came too”.
  • Object: 커피를 좋아해요 (keopireul joahaeyo) → 커피도 좋아해요 (keopido joahaeyo), “I like coffee too”.

But 도 (do) stacks on the meaning-bearing particles — place 에 (e), 에서 (eseo), recipient 에게 (ege), direction 로 (ro). These stay, and 도 (do) rides on the end: 학교에도 가요 (hakgyoedo gayo), “I go to school too”.

When 도 (do) replaces vs stacks

Original particle With 도 (do) Example Romanisation
은/는 (eun/neun) replaced 저도 jeodo
이/가 (i/ga) replaced 민수도 Minsu-do
을/를 (eul/reul) replaced 커피도 keopido
에 (e) stacks 학교에도 hakgyoedo
에서 (eseo) stacks 집에서도 jibeseodo
에게 (ege) stacks 친구에게도 chinguegedo

With a negative verb, 도 (do) carries the English “either / neither”: 저도 몰라요 (jeodo mollayo), “I don’t know either”.

Example sentences

Each sentence was written for this lesson, with romanisation.

  1. 저도 학생이에요.
    Jeodo haksaeng-ieyo.
    I am a student too.
    도 replaces 는 (neun)
  2. 저도요!
    Jeodoyo!
    Me too!
    the classic short reply
  3. 커피도 좋아해요.
    Keopido joahaeyo.
    I like coffee too.
    도 replaces 를 (reul)
  4. 민수도 왔어요.
    Minsu-do wasseoyo.
    Minsu came too.
    도 replaces 가 (ga)
  5. 저 사람도 한국 사람이에요.
    Jeo saram-do hanguk saram-ieyo.
    That person is Korean too.
  6. 이것도 주세요.
    Igeot-do juseyo.
    Please give me this one too.
    도 replaces 을 (eul)
  7. 오늘도 비가 와요.
    Oneuldo biga wayo.
    It is raining today too.
  8. 학교에도 가요.
    Hakgyoedo gayo.
    I go to school too.
    도 stacks on 에 (e)
  9. 집에서도 공부해요.
    Jibeseodo gongbuhaeyo.
    I study at home too.
    도 stacks on 에서 (eseo)
  10. 친구에게도 말했어요.
    Chinguegedo malhaesseoyo.
    I told my friend as well.
    도 stacks on 에게 (ege)
  11. 저도 몰라요.
    Jeodo mollayo.
    I don't know either.
    negative → 'either'
  12. 그것도 사고 싶어요.
    Geugeot-do sago sipeoyo.
    I want to buy that too.
  13. 동생도 같이 가요.
    Dongsaeng-do gachi gayo.
    My younger sibling is going too.
  14. 주말에도 일해요.
    Jumaredo ilhaeyo.
    I work on weekends too.
    도 stacks on 에 (e)
  15. 물도 주세요.
    Muldo juseyo.
    Please give me water too.
  16. 저는 커피도 차도 좋아해요.
    Jeoneun keopido chado joahaeyo.
    I like both coffee and tea.
    도 … 도 = 'both … and'
  17. 한국어도 공부해요.
    Hangugeo-do gongbuhaeyo.
    I study Korean too.
  18. 그 영화도 봤어요.
    Geu yeonghwa-do bwasseoyo.
    I watched that movie too.
  19. 선생님도 오세요.
    Seonsaengnim-do oseyo.
    The teacher is coming too.
  20. 저도 피곤해요.
    Jeodo pigonhaeyo.
    I am tired too.

Common mistakes

  • ❌ 저는도 학생이에요 (jeoneundo haksaeng-ieyo) → ✅ 저도 학생이에요 (jeodo haksaeng-ieyo). 도 (do) replaces 는 (neun); do not keep it.
  • ❌ 커피를도 좋아해요 (keopireuldo joahaeyo) → ✅ 커피도 좋아해요 (keopido joahaeyo). 도 (do) replaces 를 (reul).
  • ❌ 민수가도 왔어요 (Minsu-gado wasseoyo) → ✅ 민수도 왔어요 (Minsu-do wasseoyo). 도 (do) replaces 가 (ga).
  • ❌ 학교도 가요 (hakgyo-do gayo) for “I go to school too” → ✅ 학교에도 가요 (hakgyoedo gayo). The place particle 에 (e) must stay; 도 (do) stacks on it. 학교도 (hakgyo-do) would wrongly delete 에 (e).
  • ❌ 저는 커피도만 좋아해요 (jeoneun keopidoman joahaeyo) → ✅ use one focus particle: 커피도 (keopido, “coffee too”) or 커피만 (keopiman, “only coffee”), not both.

A short conversation

— 저는 한국어를 공부해요. (Jeoneun hangugeoreul gongbuhaeyo.) — “I study Korean.” — 저도요! 저도 한국어를 공부해요. (Jeodoyo! Jeodo hangugeoreul gongbuhaeyo.) — “Me too! I study Korean too.” — 주말에도 공부해요? (Jumaredo gongbuhaeyo?) — “Do you study on weekends too?” — 네, 주말에도 공부해요. (Ne, jumaredo gongbuhaeyo.) — “Yes, I study on weekends too.”

Usage notes

  • The short reply is 저도요 (jeodoyo). When you agree with what someone just said, a bare 저도요 (jeodoyo), “me too”, is the natural response.
  • 도 (do) can shade into “even”. When the noun is a surprising member of a scale, 도 (do) means “even”: 물도 없어요 (muldo eopseoyo), “there isn’t even water”.
  • The focus particle always comes last. When 도 (do) stacks, it sits at the very end of the string: 집에서도 (jibeseodo), not 집도에서 (jip-do-eseo). The place particle comes first, 도 (do) rides on top.
  • Use only one focus particle. 도 (do, “also”), 은/는 (eun/neun, “as for”) and 만 (man, “only”) are all focus particles; a noun phrase takes just one of them.

Compared with…

  • Topic particle 은/는 (eun/neun) sets up “as for” and often marks contrast; 도 (do) instead adds “also / too”. They follow the same replacement logic — both delete 이/가 (i/ga) and 을/를 (eul/reul) — but mean opposite things: 저는 (jeoneun) singles the topic out, 저도 (jeodo) adds it in. See the topic particle lesson.

Practice

Practice

도 (do) practice

Try each one, then press Check. No sign-up, nothing is sent anywhere — it all runs in your browser.

1 How do you say 'I like coffee too' (keopi = coffee)?
Show answer

커피도 좋아해요 (keopido joahaeyo) — 도 (do) replaces the object marker 를 (reul): 커피도 (keopido).

Hint: place 에 (e) stays, 도 (do) on top

Show answer

edo — 학교에도 (hakgyoedo): 에 (e) stays and 도 (do) stacks on it.

3 Build: 'Minsu came too.'

Show answer

민수도 (Minsu-do) 왔어요 (wasseoyo) — 도 (do) replaces the subject marker 가 (ga): 민수도 왔어요 (Minsu-do wasseoyo).

4 Match each particle with what 도 (do) does to it.

  • 이/가 (i/ga)
  • 을/를 (eul/reul)
  • 에 (e)
  • 에서 (eseo)
Show answer
  • 이/가 (i/ga) → replaced
  • 을/를 (eul/reul) → replaced
  • 에 (e) → stacks (edo)
  • 에서 (eseo) → stacks (eseodo)

도 (do) replaces case markers but stacks on place/recipient markers.

5 Which is WRONG?
Show answer

저는도 (jeoneundo) — 저는도 (jeoneundo) keeps 는 (neun); 도 (do) must replace it: 저도 (jeodo).

Cheat-sheet card: when the Korean particle do replaces or stacks, with example forms.

Quick recap before the quiz.

Quiz

Check yourself

도 (do) quiz

12 questions · pick an answer and you'll see straight away if it's right.

0/12 0 answered
  1. 1What does 도 (do) mean?
    Show answer

    also / too — 도 (do) means 'also, too, as well'.

  2. 2'I am a student too' is…
    Show answer

    저도 학생이에요 (jeodo haksaeng-ieyo) — 도 (do) replaces the topic marker 는 (neun): 저도 (jeodo).

  3. 3On the object marker 을/를 (eul/reul), 도 (do)…
    Show answer

    replaces it — 도 (do) replaces 을/를 (eul/reul): 커피도 (keopido), not 커피를도 (keopireuldo).

  4. 4'I go to school too' is…
    Show answer

    학교에도 가요 (hakgyoedo gayo) — The place particle 에 (e) stays and 도 (do) stacks on it: 학교에도 (hakgyoedo).

  5. 5On the place particle 에 (e), 도 (do)…
    Show answer

    stacks on top (edo) — Meaning-bearing particles stay; 도 (do) stacks: 에도 (edo).

  6. 6The short reply 'me too' is…
    Show answer

    저도요 (jeodoyo) — 저도요 (jeodoyo) is the standard 'me too' reply.

  7. 7With a negative verb, 저도 몰라요 (jeodo mollayo) means…
    Show answer

    I don't know either — With a negative, 도 (do) means 'either/neither'.

  8. Show answer

    eseodo — 집에서도 (jibeseodo): 에서 (eseo) stays and 도 (do) stacks on it.

  9. 9Which keeps a WRONG stacked marker?
    Show answer

    커피를도 (keopireuldo) — 커피를도 (keopireuldo) wrongly keeps 를 (reul); it should be 커피도 (keopido).

  10. 10커피도 차도 좋아해요 (keopido chado joahaeyo) means…
    Show answer

    I like both coffee and tea — 도 … 도 (do … do) means 'both … and …'.

  11. 11How many focus particles can a noun phrase take at once?
    Show answer

    exactly one — Use one focus particle — 도 (do), 은/는 (eun/neun) or 만 (man) — not 도만 (doman).

  12. 12Which particle is the opposite focus of 도 (do, 'also')?
    Show answer

    만 (man, 'only') — 도 (do, 'also') and 만 (man, 'only') are the natural opposite pair.

Recap cheat-sheet

Situation Example Romanisation
Subject (replaces 이/가) 민수도 Minsu-do
Object (replaces 을/를) 커피도 keopido
Place (stacks on 에) 학교에도 hakgyoedo
Negative (‘either’) 저도 몰라요 jeodo mollayo

Next

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All Korean grammar topics

Every grammar point in order, from your first sentence to advanced structures. Pick one and go straight to it. New lessons go live every day, so topics marked Coming soon fill in over the next weeks.

Grammar path

117 topics 12 ready now
TOPIK 1 25 topics · 12 ready
  1. 01 이다 (ida): The Copula (To Be)
  2. 02 은/는 (eun/neun): The Topic Particle
  3. 03 이/가 (i/ga): The Subject Particle
  4. 04 을/를 (eul/reul): The Object Particle
  5. 05 에 (e): Location & Time Particle
  6. 06 에서 (eseo): Place of Action & From
  7. 07 도 (do): Also / Too You are here
  8. 08 와/과 (wa/gwa), 하고 (hago), (이)랑 ((i)rang): And / With
  9. 09 의 (ui): Possessive Particle
  10. 10 있다 / 없다 (itda/eopda): Existence & Possession
  11. 11 이 / 그 / 저 (i/geu/jeo): This / That
  12. 12 여기 / 거기 / 저기 (yeogi/geogi/jeogi): Here / There
  13. 13 아요/어요 (ayo/eoyo): Polite Present Tense Coming soon
  14. 14 ㅂ니다/습니다 (mnida/seumnida): Formal Polite Style Coming soon
  15. 15 았/었어요 (at/eosseoyo): Past Tense Coming soon
  16. 16 안 / 지 않다 (an/ji anta): Negation (Not) Coming soon
  17. 17 못 / 지 못하다 (mot/ji mothada): Cannot (Inability) Coming soon
  18. 18 에게/한테/께 (ege/hante/kke): To a Person Coming soon
  19. 19 부터 / 까지 (buteo/kkaji): From and Until Coming soon
  20. 20 고 싶다 (go sipda): Want to Do Coming soon
  21. 21 으러 가다/오다 (eureo gada/oda): Go/Come to Do Coming soon
  22. 22 겠 (get): Intention & Conjecture Coming soon
  23. 23 (으)ㄹ 거예요 ((eu)l geoyeyo): Future Tense Coming soon
  24. 24 (으)세요 ((eu)seyo): Honorific Ending & Requests Coming soon
  25. 25 (으)시 ((eu)si): Subject Honorific Coming soon
TOPIK 2 33 topics
  1. 26 고 있다 (go itda): Progressive (-ing) Coming soon
  2. 27 아/어 보다 (a/eo boda): Try Doing Coming soon
  3. 28 아/어 주다 (a/eo juda): Do For Someone Coming soon
  4. 29 (으)ㄹ 수 있다/없다 ((eu)l su itda/eopda): Can / Cannot Coming soon
  5. 30 아야/어야 되다/하다 (aya/eoya doeda/hada): Must / Have To Coming soon
  6. 31 지 마세요 (ji maseyo): Don't Do That Coming soon
  7. 32 (으)면 ((eu)myeon): If / When (Conditional) Coming soon
  8. 33 (으)니까 ((eu)nikka): Because / Since Coming soon
  9. 34 아서/어서 (aseo/eoseo): Because & Sequence Coming soon
  10. 35 (으)ㄹ까요 ((eu)lkkayo)?: Shall We / I? Coming soon
  11. 36 (으)ㅂ시다 / 자 ((eu)psida/ja): Let's Coming soon
  12. 37 는 것 (neun geot): Nominalising with 것 (geot) Coming soon
  13. 38 기 (gi): Nominalising with 기 (gi) Coming soon
  14. 39 기 때문에 (gi ttaemune): Because (Noun Reason) Coming soon
  15. 40 (으)ㄴ/는/(으)ㄹ ((eu)n/neun/(eu)l): Verb-to-Modifier Endings Coming soon
  16. 41 보다 (boda): Comparisons (Than) Coming soon
  17. 42 제일 / 가장 (jeil/gajang): The Most (Superlative) Coming soon
  18. 43 아도/어도 되다 (ado/eodo doeda): Permission (May) Coming soon
  19. 44 (으)면 안 되다 ((eu)myeon an doeda): Must Not Coming soon
  20. 45 기 전에 / (으)ㄴ 후에 (gi jeone/(eu)n hue): Before & After Coming soon
  21. 46 (으)ㄹ 때 / 았을 때 ((eu)l ttae/asseul ttae): When Coming soon
  22. 47 (으)ㄹ게요 ((eu)lgeyo): I'll Do (Promise) Coming soon
  23. 48 지요 / 죠 (jiyo/jyo): Right? (Seeking Agreement) Coming soon
  24. 49 는데/(으)ㄴ데 (neunde/(eu)nde): Background & Contrast Coming soon
  25. 50 지만 (jiman): But / However Coming soon
  26. 51 거나 / (이)나 (geona/(i)na): Or Coming soon
  27. 52 아지다/어지다 (ajida/eojida): Become (Adjectives) Coming soon
  28. 53 게 되다 (ge doeda): Come To / Turn Out Coming soon
  29. 54 고 (go): And (Linking Clauses/Actions) Coming soon
  30. 55 동안 / 는 동안 (dongan/neun dongan): During / While Coming soon
  31. 56 게 / 히 (ge/hi): Making Adverbs Coming soon
  32. 57 은/는 (eun/neun) vs 이/가 (i/ga): Topic vs Subject Coming soon
  33. 58 네요 / 군요 (neyo/gunyo): Realisation & Exclamation Coming soon
TOPIK 3 20 topics
  1. 59 (으)ㄴ/는/(으)ㄹ 것 같다 ((eu)n/neun/(eu)l geot gatda): Seems Like Coming soon
  2. 60 기로 하다 (giro hada): Decide To Coming soon
  3. 61 (으)려고 하다 ((eu)ryeogo hada): Intend To / About To Coming soon
  4. 62 (으)려면 ((eu)ryeomyeon): If You Intend To Coming soon
  5. 63 아/어 있다 (a/eo itda): Resultant State Coming soon
  6. 64 아/어 버리다 (a/eo beorida): Completely / Regrettably Coming soon
  7. 65 고 나서 (go naseo): After Finishing Coming soon
  8. 66 다가 (daga): While / Switching Action Coming soon
  9. 67 (으)ㄴ 적이 있다 ((eu)n jeogi itda): Have Done Before Coming soon
  10. 68 자마자 (jamaja): As Soon As Coming soon
  11. 69 (으)면서 ((eu)myeonseo): While (Simultaneous) Coming soon
  12. 70 밖에 (bakke): Only (with Negative) Coming soon
  13. 71 만 (man): Only / Just Coming soon
  14. 72 처럼 / 같이 (cheoreom/gachi): Like / As Coming soon
  15. 73 아도/어도 (ado/eodo): Even If / Even Though Coming soon
  16. 74 (으)ㄹ수록 ((eu)lsurok): The More... The More Coming soon
  17. 75 든지 / 든가 (deunji/deunga): Whether / Any Coming soon
  18. 76 는 중이다 / 는 길에 (neun jungida/neun gire): In the Middle / On the Way Coming soon
  19. 77 (으)ㄴ/는 데다가 ((eu)n/neun dedaga): In Addition Coming soon
  20. 78 (으)ㄹ 줄 알다/모르다 ((eu)l jul alda/moreuda): Know How To Coming soon
TOPIK 4 20 topics
  1. 79 더라고요 (deoragoyo): Retrospective Observation Coming soon
  2. 80 던 / 았던 (deon/atdeon): Recalled Past Modifier Coming soon
  3. 81 (으)ㄴ/는 반면에 ((eu)n/neun banmyeone): On the Other Hand Coming soon
  4. 82 (으)ㄹ 뿐만 아니라 ((eu)l ppunman anira): Not Only...But Also Coming soon
  5. 83 (으)ㄴ/는 데 비해 ((eu)n/neun de bihae): Compared To Coming soon
  6. 84 (으)로 인해/때문에/덕분에/탓에 ((eu)ro inhae/ttaemune/deokbune/tase) Coming soon
  7. 85 는 바람에 (neun barame): Because Of (Unexpected Result) Coming soon
  8. 86 느라고 (neurago): Because (Simultaneous, Negative) Coming soon
  9. 87 (으)ㄹ 테니까 ((eu)l tenikka): I Will So / Probably So Coming soon
  10. 88 (으)ㄹ지도 모르다 ((eu)ljido moreuda): Might / May Coming soon
  11. 89 (으)ㄴ/는 척하다 ((eu)n/neun cheokhada): Pretend To Coming soon
  12. 90 게 하다 / 시키다 (ge hada/sikida): Make / Let (Causative) Coming soon
  13. 91 이/히/리/기 (i/hi/ri/gi): Passive & Causative Suffixes Coming soon
  14. 92 도록 (dorok): So That / Until / To the Extent Coming soon
  15. 93 게 (ge): Adverbial / So That Coming soon
  16. 94 (으)ㄹ 정도로 ((eu)l jeongdoro): To the Extent That Coming soon
  17. 95 다 보니 / 다 보면 (da boni/da bomyeon): As You Keep Doing Coming soon
  18. 96 (으)ㄴ/는 김에 ((eu)n/neun gime): While You're At It Coming soon
  19. 97 (으)ㄹ 겸 ((eu)l gyeom): Also For the Purpose Of Coming soon
  20. 98 아/어 봤자 (a/eo bwatja): Even If (Pointless) Coming soon
TOPIK 5 12 topics
  1. 99 더니 / 았더니 (deoni/atdeoni): And Then / Change Coming soon
  2. 100 (으)ㄴ/는 셈이다 ((eu)n/neun semida): As Good As / In Effect Coming soon
  3. 101 (으)ㄹ 만하다 / 법하다 ((eu)l manhada/beophada): Worth / Likely Coming soon
  4. 102 (으)ㄹ 리가 없다 ((eu)l riga eopda): No Way / Can't Be Coming soon
  5. 103 (으)ㄴ/는 마당에 ((eu)n/neun madange): Now That / Given Coming soon
  6. 104 기 마련이다 / 법이다 (gi maryeonida/beobida): Bound To / Naturally Coming soon
  7. 105 았/었더라면 (at/eotdeoramyeon): If (Only) I Had Coming soon
  8. 106 기는커녕 (gineunkeonyeong): Far From / Let Alone Coming soon
  9. 107 에 따라 / (으)ㅁ에 따라 (e ttara/(eu)me ttara): According To / As Coming soon
  10. 108 ㄴ다/는다 (nda/neunda): Plain Declarative (Written) Coming soon
  11. 109 (으)ㄹ지언정 ((eu)ljieonjeong): Even If / Rather Than Coming soon
  12. 110 (으)ㄹ락 말락 ((eu)llak mallak): On the Verge Of Coming soon
TOPIK 6 7 topics
  1. 111 (으)ㅁ으로써 ((eu)meurosseo): By Means Of (Formal) Coming soon
  2. 112 (으)ㄴ 나머지 ((eu)n nameoji): As a Result Of (Excess) Coming soon
  3. 113 (으)ㄹ 턱이 없다 ((eu)l teogi eopda): There's No Way Coming soon
  4. 114 는 통에 (neun tonge): Because Of (Chaotic) Coming soon
  5. 115 고자 (goja): In Order To (Formal) Coming soon
  6. 116 는 양 / (으)ㄴ 양 (neun yang/(eu)n yang): As If / Pretending Coming soon
  7. 117 기에 망정이지 (gie mangjeongiji): Luckily / Thank Goodness Coming soon